栅格翼高超音速气动力及气动热特性研究

本文采取有效的多块结构网格生成策略，对栅格翼导弹生成了高质量的贴体结构网格，并采用数值模拟的方法对高超音速栅格翼导弹气动力及气动热特性进行计算与分析。重点对比了3种不同翼剖面对高超音速气动力及热特性的影响。计算结果表明：对于统一的栅格翼外形，平板翼剖面力及热特性最差；圆弧头部翼剖面驻点热流密度最小；楔形+圆弧头部翼剖面阻力最小。     

一种永磁同步电机宽速域无传感器系统的控制策略

设计了一种改进型滑模观测器(SMO)实现永磁同步电机(PMSM)无传感器宽速域控制。使用反电动势观测器替代低通滤波器,避免了转子位置信息滞后的问题。在定子电流计算中引入随转速自适应调节反馈系数的反电动势反馈,减小了系统抖振,使宽速域下转子转速和位置估计更加精确。采用锁相环技术(PLL)来抑制高频信息,提取出准确的转子位置。基于dSPACE搭建了PMSM的快速控制原型试验平台,对无传感器控制系统进行了稳态和动态试验,结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

电动汽车用永磁同步电机模型预测MRAS无速度传感器控制

针对电动汽车机械式传感器在复杂工作环境下易失效的问题,将基于模型参考自适应(MRAS)的无速度传感器技术应用于电动汽车中。针对传统MRAS无速度传感器控制存在的转子位置估计相位延迟较大、转速估计误差较大等问题,将模型预测控制算法应用到MRAS中。参考模型选用永磁同步电机(PMSM)电流磁链方程,可调模型选取电压磁链方程,代价函数是磁链的差值,待估计参数选择转子位置。与传统MRAS无速度传感器控制算法相比,转速、转子位置估计结果更加精确,估计误差较小,动态性能和稳态性能优良。通过仿真和试验验证了算法的可行性和有效性。     

背绕式有槽永磁同步电机的电磁场解析模型

以1台5 kW背绕式高速永磁同步电机为研究对象,建立其电磁场解析模型。将电磁场求解域划分为气隙子域、永磁体子域、槽口子域和槽子域,求解相应的拉普拉斯方程或泊松方程,解析模型计及电枢反应场、永磁场和定子开槽的影响。计算了该电机的气隙磁密、绕组磁链、绕组反电动势、齿槽转矩和电磁转矩,并将结果与二维有限元法计算结果和试验数据比较,比较结果说明了解析模型的准确性。最后以槽口开度为变量,研究其对气隙磁密分布和齿槽转矩的影响。     

发动机滑油消耗率监控的精益管理

应用精益管理的方法,利用大数据管理技术,分析和改进发动机滑油消耗率的监控方式。     

Experimental study on combustion characteristics of Chinese RP-3 kerosene

In order to illustrate the combustion characteristics of RP-3 kerosene which is widely used in Chinese aero-engines, the combustion characteristics of RP-3 kerosene were experimentally investigated in a constant volume combustion chamber. The experiments were performed at four different pressures of 0.1 MPa, 0.3 MPa, 0.5 MPa and 0.7 MPa, and three different temperatures of 390 K,420 K and 450 K, and over the equivalence ratio range of 0.6–1.6. Furthermore, the laminar combustion speeds of a surrogate fuel for RP-3 kerosene were simulated under certain conditions. The results show that increasing the initial temperature or decreasing the initial pressure causes an increase in the laminar combustion speed of RP-3 kerosene. With the equivalence ratio increasing from 0.6 to 1.6, the laminar combustion speed increases initially and then decreases gradually.The highest laminar combustion speed is measured under fuel rich condition(the equivalence ratio is 1.2). At the same time, the Markstein length shows the same changing trend as the laminar combustion speed with modification of the initial pressure. Increasing the initial pressure will increase the instability of the flame front, which is established by decreased Markstein length. However, different from the effects of the initial temperature and equivalence ratio on the laminar combustion speed,increasing the equivalence ratio will lead to a decrease in the Markstein length and the stability of the flame front, and the effect of the initial temperature on the Markstein length is unclear. Furthermore, the simulated laminar combustion speeds of the surrogate fuel agree with the corresponding experimental datas of RP-3 kerosene within 10% deviation under certain conditions.     

主燃油调节器加速控制器挡板活门故障分析及预防措施

针对因挡板活门失效而导致发动机试车不成功或在飞行中出现故障的情况,从挡板活门的构造、修理、装配、调试等方面入手,分析故障原因,并提出了相应的预防措施。     

变频调速系统共模电流分析及其检测方法

变频调速系统中的复杂波形共模电流会影响传统电磁互感器的输出精度及线性度,导致测量结果存在较大误差。针对此问题,首先对系统共模电流的形成机理、流通路径与幅频特性进行分析；然后提出一种结构简单、宽测量范围的磁调制电流互感器,对互感器的检测原理进行了详细说明；最后进行了样机设计和试验验证。结果表明,所提出的磁调制互感器能够有效测量不同幅频特征的复杂波形电流信号,满足变频调速系统共模电流的测量要求。     

高速齿轮的气障特性分析

利用计算流体动力学方法，建立齿轮高速旋转在周围产生的流场与压力场计算模型，对不同的齿轮工况参数进行了计算与分析。在此基础上，建立齿轮喷油润滑的二相流模型，对喷油参数与齿轮工况的匹配进行研究，并对齿轮旋转压力场的计算进行了仿真验证。结果表明，齿轮转动时会在周围形成气体压力场，对喷油射流产生阻碍作用，造成轮齿润滑与冷却失效。本文的研究成果将用于指导新一代高性能齿轮的喷油润滑设计。     

Tool wear during high speed turning in situ TiCp/TiBw hybrid reinforced Ti-6Al-4V matrix composite

Chipping, adhesive wear, abrasive wear and crater wear are prevalent for both the polycrystalline diamond(PCD) and the carbide tools during high speed turning of TiC_p/TiB_w hybrid reinforced Ti-6Al-4V(TC4) matrix composite(TMCs). The combined effects of abrasive wear and diffusion wear caused the big crater on PCD and carbide tool rake face. Compared to the PCD, bigger size of crater was found on the carbide tool due to much higher cutting temperature and the violent chemical reaction between the Ti element in the workpiece and the WC in the tool.However, the marks of the abrasive wear looked much slighter or even could not be observed on the carbide tool especially when low levels of cutting parameters were used, which attributes to much lower hardness and smaller size of WC combined with more significant chemical degradation of carbide. When cutting TC4 using PCD tool, notch wear was the most significant wear pattern which was not found when cutting the TMCs. However, chipping, adhesive wear and crater wear were much milder when compared to the cutting of titanium matrix composite. Due to the absence of abrasive wear when cutting TC4, the generated titanium carbide on the PCD protected the tool from fast wear, which caused that the tool life for TC4 was 6–10 times longer than that for TMCs.